http://dspace.epoka.edu.al/handle/1/1382 Sat, 07 Feb 2026 16:45:15 GMT 2026-02-07T16:45:15Z http://dspace.epoka.edu.al/handle/1/1350 Legal Principles, Legal Values and Legal Norms: are they the same or different? Daci, Jordan Legal principles, legal values, and legal norms are essentially part of the same notion. Often in legal literature, legal principles are considered to be legal norms, general legal norms, legal values etc. In fact, legal principles are just legal norms that different from the latter are legal norms of general application that ignore specific legal facts. They can be considered as basic norms that represent the general consensus on basic society understandings. As such they are also kinds of default rules of behavior. From this perspective, the legal principles are rules of human behavior that used to be considered as just, before the law started being written. Thus, legal values would be considered a more general legal norms vis-à-vis legal principles and legal norms. Nonetheless, the coexistence of these three notions shows the complexity of their correlation and gives us an initial idea on what we will go through in out attempt to perform of comparative analysis between them. Thu, 01 Jul 2010 00:00:00 GMT http://dspace.epoka.edu.al/handle/1/1350 2010-07-01T00:00:00Z http://dspace.epoka.edu.al/handle/1/1349 Organized Crime and Legislation against crime Shehu, Arben “Today, organized crime is affecting every segment of our society. It is a disease which infects everything that comes into contact with it. It is an insult added to every law-abiding citizen. It is high time our governments made a note and, moreover, took immediate action. Perhaps tomorrow will be late.” Organized crime is a form of criminality manifestation, perhaps its most specific type. It is a phenomenon that causes horror as much as wonder about the way it works and, at the same time, a sort of lure for its mystery and the particular way of comprehension. For years and years it has inspired volumes of writing, plenty of which have become best-sellers, or have produced blockbusters, arousing amazing mass interest. That is because criminal organizations and their activity have been to society both a tangible everyday reality and a remote thing, beyond comprehension. Many authors have researched into organized crime and criminal organizations, pointing out their characteristics and specifics. They attribute such features to it as a perpetual connection of many people engaged in criminal activity, an organizational hierarchy with a great power of the leaders, the domination of rule and order, discipline and responsibility among the members, imposed solidarity, maintaining the secrecy of activity and of the organization, and the international character of their activity. Unfortunately, there are a large number of worldwide notorious criminal organizations. Over time, they have been discovered and studied by various criminologists, who have managed to provide sufficient information on the specific features of each of them, the activities on which they focus and the territories in which they operate. But what means should we use in order to face organized crime today? It is necessary that differentiated strategies be studied according to the type of the mafia organization against which a concrete operation is to be launched. The strategy should also be coordinated not only in national level but also internationally, because the international character of organized crime is already an established fact. Thu, 01 Jul 2010 00:00:00 GMT http://dspace.epoka.edu.al/handle/1/1349 2010-07-01T00:00:00Z http://dspace.epoka.edu.al/handle/1/1348 The prevention of chronic diseases and its social outcomes - Mission of Medicine Alushi, Fejzi An ancient but quite topical even today Latin sentence says: “It is better prevent the disease than to cure it”. In a global society as today it is, the prevention of chronic diseases is of great social importance, as well as it is important in the economic point of view, since preventing chronic kidney disease, chronic renal Insufficiency, which have a great dispersion among the Albanian population and high cost of its ongoing cure, it does not only improves significantly the quality of life of these patients, but also reduces to minimum health budget expenditures that are very significant for this category of sick. Speaking of chronic diseases affecting the human organism all over the life, the chronic kidney diseases share their own part, having also a significant importance into the group of human pathologies as a whole. Prevention and cure of chronic kidney diseases ( C. K. D.) is undoubtedly an important problem and mission of nephrology, nowadays, because as the old medicine postulate predicts – it is easier to prevent the disease than to cure it. Prevention and correct cure of primary nephropathies, secondary nephropathies and cardiovascular complications, the last ones considered as a tierce cause of nephropathies, it is obviously a target of the contemporary medicine, aiming at both the utmost reduction of renal morbidity and the budget cost of cure and treatment e.g. patients under substitute therapy, dialysis and transplant. Thu, 01 Jul 2010 00:00:00 GMT http://dspace.epoka.edu.al/handle/1/1348 2010-07-01T00:00:00Z http://dspace.epoka.edu.al/handle/1/1347 Pattern of Engagement of People with Disabilities and Their Family Members in the Policy Making Process in Albania Cani Drenofci, Blerta; Flagler, Marita Post-communist Albanian legislation (1995-2010) provides the preliminary context for the creation of enabling social niches for the engagement of people with disabilities and the family members representing them in the policy-making processes both at the national and local levels. The goal of this study was to determine the pattern of engagement of people with disabilities and their family members in the policy making process at the national and local level and identify the barriers as perceived by them. Participants were 874 persons with disabilities and their family members. The results indicated a strong interest but a poor engagement pattern of people with disabilities and their family members in the policy making process and various structural and attitudinal barriers. Conscious work needs to be done by the government agencies as well as advocacy organizations to create enabling social niches for people with disabilities that encourage their participation in the policy making process as valuable stakeholders in shared governance. Thu, 01 Jul 2010 00:00:00 GMT http://dspace.epoka.edu.al/handle/1/1347 2010-07-01T00:00:00Z