Action of atmospheric agents against reinforced concrete

Abstract

Increasingly often, concrete is the material of choice for the construction of structures exposed to extreme conditions. As demand for construction in harsh environments increases, so do the desired service live of these structures. The presence of sulfates in aggressive environments constitutes a large threat to the stability and longevity of reinforced concrete structures because their effects lead to degradation of concrete and corrosion of steel in concrete. Sulfate attack of concrete may lead to cracking, spalling, increased permeability, and strength loss. The purpose of this study is to identify (analyze) these adverse effects and examine the necessary measures to prevent concrete degradation and steel corrosion. This study concludes that the protection of R/c structures from the presence of sulfates in aggressive environments is achieved through careful stability design, engagement of preventive measures and use of additional preventive techniques.